Abundance of Veillonella spp. does not Reflect Salivary Nitrite Production after Nitrate Ingestion

Takahiro Mitsui; Taichi Ishikawa; Ryo Harawasa and Minoru Sasaki

doi:10.48022/mbl.2005.05001

보문(Article)

Bioactive Compounds / Food Microbiology

Microbiol. Biotechnol. Lett. 2020; 48(4): 447-454

https://doi.org/10.48022/mbl.2005.05001

Received: May 4, 2020; Accepted: June 1, 2020

Abundance of Veillonella spp. does not Reflect Salivary Nitrite Production after Nitrate Ingestion

Takahiro Mitsui^*, Taichi Ishikawa², Ryo Harawasa³ and Minoru Sasaki²

¹Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Education, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan ²Division of Molecular Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan ³The Iwate Research Center for Wildlife Diseases, Morioka, Japan

Correspondence to :
Takahiro Mitsui, mitsui@iwate-u.ac.jp

Abstract

Go to

Abstract
Reference

Veillonella spp. have been reported to be the most prevalent nitrate-reducing bacterial species in the oral cavity. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the abundance of Veillonella spp. and nitrite production after nitrate ingestion. Bacterial samples were obtained from the tongue surfaces of 50 university students. The predominant Veillonella spp., V. atypica, V. dispar, and V. rogosae were identified and enumerated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Salivary nitrate and nitrite were measured before and 30, 60, and 90 min after ingestion of 100 ml of beetroot juice. Increased nitrite concentrations were observed in all participants, with a mean increase of 0.61 (0.42–1.10) mM expressed as the median (interquartile range). Veillonella atypica was detected in 40 subjects (80%), V. dispar in 48 (96%), and V. rogosae in 48 (96%), at quantities ranging from 1.3 × 10² to 2.8 × 10⁷ CFU/ml per subject. The strengths of the correlations of the log colony forming unit (CFU) values of V. atypica, V. dispar, V. rogosae, and the log CFU value of the three species together with the increase in nitrite levels were 0.091, 0.114, −0.228, and 0.060, respectively, none of which were significant (p > 0.05). Our results indicate that the abundance of Veillonella spp. is not related to salivary nitrite production after nitrate ingestion.

Keywords: Saliva, nitrate, nitrite, Veillonella, real-time polymerase reaction (qPCR)

References

Go to

Abstract
Reference

McKnight GM, Duncan CW, Leifert C, Golden MH. 1999. Dietary nitrate in man: friend or foe? Br. J. Nutr. 81: 349-358.
Eisenbrand G, Spiegelhalder B, Preussmann R. 1980. Nitrate and nitrite in saliva. Oncology 37: 227-231.
Doel JJ, Benjamin N, Hector MP, Rogers M, Allaker RP. 2005. Evaluation of bacterial nitrate reduction in the human oral cavity. Eur. J. Oral Sci. 113: 14-19.
Bos PM, Van den Brandt PA, Wedel M, Ockhuizen T. 1988. The reproducibility of the conversion of nitrate to nitrite in human saliva after a nitrate load. Food Chem. Toxicol. 26: 93-97.
Larsen FJ, Schiffer TA, Ekblom B, Mattsson MP, Checa A, Wheelock CE, et al. 20randomized, crossover study in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 99: 843850.
Mitsui T, Saito M, Harasawa R. 2018. Salivary nitrate-nitrite conversion capacity after nitrate ingestion and incidence of Veillonella spp. in elderly individuals. J. Oral Sci. 60: 405-410.
Duncan C, Dougall H, Johnston P, Green S, Brogan R, Leifert C, et al. 1995. Chemical generation of nitric oxide in the mouth from the enterosalivary circulation of dietary nitrate. Nat. Med. 1: 546551.
Jonvik KL, Nyakayiru J, Pinckaers PJ, Senden JM, van Loon LJ, Verdijk LB. 2016. Nitrate-rich vegetables increase plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations and lower blood pressure in healthy adults. J. Nutr. 146: 986-993.
Sobko T, Marcus C, Govoni M, Kamiya S. 2010. Dietary nitrate in Japanese traditional foods lowers diastolic blood pressure in healthy volunteers. Nitric Oxide 22: 136-140.
Doel JJ, Hector MP, Amirtham CV, Al-Anzan LA, Benjamin N, Allaker RP. 2004. Protective effect of salivary nitrate and microbial nitrate reductase activity against caries. Eur. J. Oral Sci. 112: 424428.
Mitsui T, Fujihara M, Harasawa R. 2013. Salivary nitrate and nitrite may have antimicrobial effects on Desulfovibrio species. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 77: 2489-2491.
Dykhuizen RS, Fraser A, McKenzie H, Golden M, Leifert C, Benjamin N. 1998. Helicobacter pylori is killed by nitrite under acidic conditions. Gut 42: 334-337.
Hezel MP, Weitzberg E. 2015. The oral microbiome and nitric oxide homoeostasis. Oral Dis. 21: 7-16.
Hyde ER, Andrade F, Vaksman Z, Parthasarathy K, Jiang H, Parthasarathy DK, et al. 2014. Metagenomic analysis of nitratereducing bacteria in the oral cavity: implications for nitric oxide homeostasis. PLoS One 9: e88645.
Mashima I, Kamaguchi A, Nakazawa F. 2011. The distribution and frequency of oral Veillonella spp. in the tongue biofilm of healthy young adults. Curr. Microbiol. 63: 403-407.
Beighton D, Clark D, Hanakuka B, Gilbert S, Do T. 2008. The predominant cultivable Veillonella spp. of the tongue of healthy adults identified using rpoB sequencing. Oral Microbiol. Immunol. 23: 344-347.
Mashima I, Liao YC, Miyakawa H, Theodorea CF, Thawboon B, Thaweboon S, et al. 2018. Veillonella infantium sp. nov., an anaerobic, Gram-stain-negative coccus isolated from tongue biofilm of a Thai child. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 68: 1101-1106.
Igarashi E, Kamaguchi A, Fujita M, Miyakawa H, Nakazawa F. 2009. Identification of oral species of the genus Veillonella by polymerase chain reaction. Oral Microbiol. Immunol. 24: 310-313.
Rudbeck L, Dissing J. 1998. Rapid, simple alkaline extraction of human genomic DNA from whole blood, buccal epithelial cells, semen and forensic stains for PCR. Biotechniques 25: 588-590.
Marchandin H, Teyssier C, Siméon De Buochberg M, Jean-Pierre H, Carriere C, et al. 2003. Intra-chromosomal heterogeneity between the four 16S rRNA gene copies in the genus Veillonella:implications for phylogeny and taxonomy. Microbiology 149:1493-1501.
Govoni M, Jansson EA, Weitzberg E, Lundberg JO. 2008. The increase in plasma nitrite after a dietary nitrate load is markedly attenuated by an antibacterial mouthwash. Nitric Oxide 19: 333337.
Evans JD. 1996. Straightforward statistics for the behavioral sciences. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing.
Roszak DB, Colwell RR. 1987. Metabolic activity of bacterial cells enumerated by direct viable count. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 53:2889-2893.
Burleigh MC, Liddle L, Monaghan C, Muggeridge DJ, Sculthorpe N, Butcher JP, et al. 2018. Salivary nitrite production is elevated in individuals with a higher abundance of oral nitrate-reducing bacteria. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 120: 80-88.
Cavanaugh SE, Bathrick AS. 2018. Direct PCR amplification of forensic touch and other challenging DNA samples: A review. Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. 32: 40-49.14. Dietary nitrate reduces resting metabolic

Previous Article LIST Next Article

Article Tools

Share this article on :

Most KeyWord ?
What is Most Keyword?

It is most registrated keyword in articles at this journal during for 2 years.

eISSN 2234-7305
pISSN 1598-642X

Download to citation(s)

Mitsui T, Ishikawa T, Harawasa R, Sasaki M. Abundance of <em>Veillonella</em> spp. does not Reflect Salivary Nitrite Production after Nitrate Ingestion. Kor. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol 2020;48:447-454. https://doi.org/10.48022/mbl.2005.05001

Download to citation(s)
Export type	* Please select a format and type blew.
Format	EndNote Reference Manager RIS Format Plain Text

eISSN 2234-7305
pISSN 1598-642X

E-mail a Link to a Someone Who you'd like to recommend.

E-mail a link to the following content:

Mitsui T, Ishikawa T, Harawasa R, Sasaki M. Abundance of <em>Veillonella</em> spp. does not Reflect Salivary Nitrite Production after Nitrate Ingestion. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Lett. 2020;48:447-454.
https://doi.org/10.48022/mbl.2005.05001

E-mail a link to the following content:
Your Name:
E-mail Address From:
E-Mail To:
Subject:
Note(message):	I thought you would find this article useful. (http://www.mbl.or.kr)
Confirmation code :

보문(Article)